#9 - Records from 1850 to 1900 show that in a certain

[Adam Tyson]

I see answer C as being incorrect for two reasons, cornflakes. First and foremost, it ignores the causal element, which is an essential part of the argument's method of reasoning. That kills this answer completely. Second, to make matters worse, it ignores the shift in terms - successful crops last year and food availability during recent pregnancy are not synonymous, and in the modern world may have very little to do with each other, and birth weight is only one component of newborn health.

The primary problem with the answer, though, is that the argument is causal, and answer C is not. To describe the method of reasoning of a causal argument you absolutely must address that causal aspect.